Wobbly Toilet: Is it the Bolts or the Flange?

A toilet should be rock solid. If yours rocks or shifts when you sit down, you have a problem that needs immediate attention. The movement can break the wax seal, leading to sewer gas leaks and water damage.

Check the two bolts at the base of the toilet (often under plastic caps). Use a wrench to gently tighten them. Do not overtighten, or you will crack the porcelain base. If this stops the wobble, you're done.

If the bolts just spin or the toilet still rocks after tightening, the flange (the pipe fitting in the floor) may be broken or rotted. This requires removing the toilet to repair or replace the flange.